It may safely be concluded that the evidence is very strong for linking the two books as the work of one man, a conclusion which few modern scholars would dispute. Wallace, bible. Clearly the author could not be any of those mentioned in these sections i. As with all the Gospels, the author likely had more than one purpose in mind. Here we will consider what Luke makes explicit in his prologue.
Both Luke and Acts are written to a man named Theophilus. As such, it is likely that Theophilus was a Gentile who held an important position in the Roman government. It is not clear if Theophilus was a true believer. Morris Luke, Leon Morris, p. Others, however, suggest it unlikely an unbeliever would provide support for Luke to write his Gospel. Although Theophilus was to be the primary recipient, it is likely that Luke also had a broader audience in mind.
The formal dedications contained in Luke-Acts are not like the address of an epistle. Luke seems to have had two sources of testimony which he used to write his Gospel; extant narratives and eyewitness testimony. The general scholarly consensus on Markan priority suggests that the Gospel of Mark was almost certainly one of those sources.
Another source generally accepted by biblical scholars is the Q document, a hypothetical document that is thought to have contained sayings of Jesus common to both Matthew and Luke, but not Mark. Please contact us or click here to learn more about how to enable JavaScript on your browser. Follow us:. Listen Now. One ancient prologue written to introduce the gospel describes Luke as a Syrian from Antioch.
With this piece of information, we can deduce that Luke was probably not Jewish. Paul also listed him with other Gentiles in his greetings to the Colossians The ancient prologue goes on to state that Luke eventually settled in the Greek city of Thebes, where he died at age As a physician, Luke would have been trained as a careful observer, a quality that would have been invaluable in this project.
The result was the first part of a two-volume work written to Theophilus. This is remarkable considering the amount of attention he gets in comparison to John and Paul. The Gospel according to Luke was probably the last Synoptic Gospel to be written. The abrupt ending of Acts may be the single most important factor in deriving a date. Luke leaves the reader with Paul being in Rome and waiting to present his case before Caesar. The best explanation for this is that Acts was finished before he Paul's final outcome was known.
This would place Acts in the early Sixties with the Gospel of Luke being written in the late Fifties or early Sixties.
Other factors that support an early date are the uncertainty of where Christianity fits in amongst the religions of the Roman Empire, Luke-Acts does not mention the destruction of Jerusalem, and the uncertainty of Jew-Gentile relations at the same level as in Paul's epistles. Regarding its location, it is generally agreed that Luke-Acts was not written in Palestine. Both the purpose of the Gospel and its audience can be found in the prologue Luke first mentions that many others before him have made an account of the things that have been fulfilled as they were handed down from the first generation.
He also says that he cautiously examined everything from the beginning and this led him to write an organized account to Theophilus so that he might know the certainty of what he has been taught. It is obvious that Luke wrote to Theophilus, but who was Theophilus? There have been many theories trying to answer this question.
First of all, the name Theophilus means, "lover of God," or "friend of God. Luke refers to Theophilus using the words "most excellent" kratistoV. Since this seems to refer to nobility, most of the theories on Theophilus state that he was either a government official or an influential citizen.
A widely accepted theory is that Theophilus was Luke's patron and helped him to publish Luke-Acts. Luke's purpose in writing the Gospel has also suffered debate. Some suggest that Luke set out to make a case for Christianity as not being a threat to the Roman Empire.
Others make the proposition that Luke-Acts was written to reassure those questioning Jesus' second coming because of its delay. Many believe that Luke was not writing to Theophilus exclusively, but that the two-volume work was intended to be distributed for ecclesiastical purposes.
There is also the view, which seems to be growing in popularity, that Luke-Acts was specifically designed to aid Paul in his trial before Caesar. Luke is often viewed as the historian of the apostolic age, yet many do not fully recognize him as a theologian as well. One of the most notable themes is of Redemption History [9] by which he views the world in three major time periods.
First, the time of the "Law and the Prophets" was in effect until John the Baptist a. After that came the time period of Jesus, when "the gospel of the kingdom of God has been preached" b. The last time period begins after the ascension of Christ and continues until his return. This is the period of the church. The idea of salvation is also prevalent in Luke's Gospel.
Good Samaritan ; Centurion , see also Other issues such as peace, [11] eschatology, early catholicism, the plan of God, emphases on individuals, importance of women, children, the poor, the disreputable, the passion, prayer, and praise are also a part of Luke's theology.
The exordium , which demonstrates a pure Lukan style, is often looked at as more sophisticated and excellent a portion of Greek than of any other New Testament writing.
Regarding this, Ellis said that Luke and Acts contain "a pervasive Semitic colouring. The structure of Luke's Gospel begins with the exordium , followed by the births of John the Baptist and Jesus - Luke then covers John's ministry and the preparation of Jesus' ministry - He then gives account of Jesus' Galilean ministry , and his journey to Jerusalem Jesus' time in Jerusalem can be divided up into his ministry , the passion - , and his resurrection and ascension P 75 ca.
AD [3] Irenaeus Adversus Haereses 3. Paul on Trial. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, Luke Grand Rapids: Wm. Eerdmans Publishing Co. Earle Ellis. Since the text and audio content provided by BLB represent a range of evangelical traditions, all of the ideas and principles conveyed in the resource materials are not necessarily affirmed, in total, by this ministry. Blue Letter Bible study tools make reading, searching and studying the Bible easy and rewarding.
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