The concentrated biochemicals are packed into sealed droplets or vesicles that form by budding off from the trans Golgi surface. The vesicles are then transported away for use in the cell and beyond.
Golgi apparatus — what does it do? The Golgi apparatus is rather like a food supermarket with an in store bakery. Any goods that have been wrongly delivered, including chemicals that should have stayed in the RER, are sent back, packed in vesicles to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Some of the items from the rough endoplasmic reticulum go to the equivalent of the supermarket in store bakery and are converted into other products and re-labelled. Inclusion cell or I cell disease, an inherited lysosome storage disorder in humans, is caused by a metabolic labelling error.
The error causes chemicals to be despatched to the cell surface and secreted whereas the correct labelling would have despatched them to lysosomes. The lysosomes then accumulate material that should have been broken down. This accumulation causes the disorder. Moving through Golgi or Golgi moving? The way in which chemicals move through the Golgi apparatus from cisterna to cisterna is not fully resolved.
One idea is that a new cisterna forms at the cis end the end nearest the rough endoplasmic reticulum and then changes as it moves away from the RER becoming in time the trans end. A more accepted idea is that chemicals being processed in the Golgi apparatus travel from one cisterna to another in transport vesicles or possibly along microtubules.
Whatever the transport method, what is clear is that different chemical reactions take place in specially designated parts of the Golgi apparatus. Golgi biochemicals. Where do they go? It's called a perinuclear body, and it's actually right near the endoplasmic reticulum as well. And when proteins come out of the endoplasmic reticulum, they go into the Golgi for further processing. For example, carbohydrates are put on some of the proteins, and then afterwards these glycoproteins--meaning they have carbohydrate as well as protein on them, these glycoproteins move out of the Golgi to the rest of the cell.
And they do so inside other vesicles. Why is nucleus called the brain of the cell? How does the nucleus differ in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? How was the nucleus was discovered? How are the nucleus and the nucleolus different? How do ribosomes relate to DNA? While some aspects of protein transport through the Golgi are better understood than they used to be, there are still many unresolved issues surrounding the specifics within different organisms.
Moreover, questions remain about the unifying characteristics that are shared between all Golgi. A recent gathering of prominent Golgi researchers identified several important questions to be addressed in the future, including:. The structure of the Golgi apparatus varies in different cell types. The dispersed nature of Golgi cisternae in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae allowed researchers to resolve individual cisternae. By observing fluorescently labeled proteins that normal reside within different cisternae, researchers found convincing evidence that the Golgi cisternae change over time, supporting the cisternal maturation model of protein movement through the Golgi apparatus.
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