Ideally positioned in South-east Asia, where the rest of the region is just a hop, skip and jump away, Singapore is a thriving metropolis offering a world-class infrastructure, a fully integrated island-wide transport network, dynamic business environment, vibrant living spaces and a rich culture largely influenced by the four major communities in Singapore with each offering different perspective of life in Singapore in terms of culture, religion, food, language and history.
One of the reasons that Singapore proves to be such an attraction as a home is the ease of living, particularly in terms of residence, transportation and governance system.
This Act clarifies the application of English law and statutes in Singapore. The organs of government are provided for by a written constitution which forms the supreme law of Singapore. The Constitution lays down the fundamental principles and basic framework for the three organs of state, namely, the Executive, the Legislative and the Judiciary.
The Head of State of Singapore is a President who is directly elected by the people, following fundamental constitutional changes in The President possesses certain veto powers over the government which the President can exercise with discretion in certain circumstances. Outside of those areas where the Constitution permits the President discretionary powers, the President must act according to Cabinet advice. The Executive comprises the Cabinet , which is responsible for the general direction of the Government and accountable to Parliament.
The country practices multi-party political system with democratic elections. Articles from the Constitution were drawn from provisions in three statutes; the Republic of Singapore Independence Act , the Constitution of the State of Singapore , and the Federal Constitution of Malaysia.
All other laws in the land are subordinate to the constitution. The National Assembly has the authority to amend most provisions of the constitution through a majority vote. However, some critical provisions can only be amended through a national referendum.
The Constitution of Singapore defines the Government of Singapore as the executive branch and is composed of the President, the Prime Minister, and the Cabinet. The President is the head of state but is not the head of government and hence is primarily ceremonial. The seventh Parliament, elected on September 3, , and meeting for the first time on January 9, , included one elected opposition member and one nonconstituency member.
Singapore had only one level of government--national government and local government were one and the same. The form of the government reflected the country's unusually small area and modest total population of 2. Below the national level, the only recognized territorial divisions were the fifty-five parliamentary constituencies.
Members of Parliament thus performed some of the same functions as municipal aldermen in foreign cities and often won political support by helping to find jobs for constituents or doing other favors requiring intercession with the powerful civil bureaucracy. The single-member constituencies varied in population from 11, electors to as many as 55,; some of the variability reflected population movement away from the old urban core and out to new housing developments.
As in all British-style polities, the government was headed by a prime minister who led a cabinet of ministers of state selected from the ranks of the members of Parliament. The cabinet was the policy-making body, and its members directed the work of the permanent civil servants in the ministries they headed. In , the cabinet comprised fifteen members. Below the prime minister were a first deputy prime minister and a second deputy prime minister.
They were followed by the ministers in charge of such functional departments as the Ministry of Finance or the Ministry of Defence and by two ministers without portfolio.
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