The seated figure, an allegorical symbolic representation of Independence, is adorned with Mexican accessories such as an Aztec feathered headdress; however, she also holds a Phrygian cap, a symbol of freedom usually associated with the French Revolution.
She is flanked by the figures of Hidalgo on the left and Iturbide on the right —portrayed here as the fathers of Mexican independence. In terms of her ethnicity, Independence appears closer to the depiction of Iturbide than to Hidalgo, whose skin tone reflects Amerindian ancestry, even though he was a Creole criollo. Hidalgo and Independence step on a figure who represents despotism, and who is being shooed away by the eagle, a symbolic reference to the Aztecs.
Together, these symbols of Mexican independence articulate both a sense of pride in Aztec ancestry and an appreciation for European ideas of liberty.
The ship was headed for Virginia, where the colonists—half religious dissenters and half entrepreneurs—had been authorized to settle by the British crown. Celebrated soprano Maria Callas dies in Paris at the age of Born in New York City in to Greek immigrants, Callas demonstrated her talent for singing at an early age.
When she was 13, she went to Athens to study under the noted soprano Elvira de Hidalgo. Her first major A leader in the Indian campaign for home rule, Gandhi worked all his life On September 16, , the largest land run in history begins with more than , people pouring into the Cherokee Strip of Oklahoma to claim valuable land that had once belonged to Native Americans.
With a single shot from a pistol the mad dash began, and land-hungry Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. Durant, a high-school dropout, had made his fortune building horse-drawn carriages, and in fact he hated cars—he thought they were noisy, smelly, and The Burke-Wadsworth Act is passed by Congress on September 16, , by wide margins in both houses, and the first peacetime draft in the history of the United States is imposed. King Charles IX of France, under the sway of his mother, Catherine de Medici, orders the assassination of Huguenot Protestant leaders in Paris, setting off an orgy of killing that results in the massacre of tens of thousands of Huguenots all across France.
Two days earlier, On August 24, after centuries of dormancy, Mount Vesuvius erupts in southern Italy, devastating the prosperous Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum and killing thousands.
The cities, buried under a thick layer of volcanic material and mud, were never rebuilt and largely The unit had After the feat, Webb became an international celebrity, admired for both his prowess in the water and his penchant for risk-taking. Born in Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. When the British arrived at the White Rumors had abounded for years that a natural cross of snow lay hidden high in the rugged mountains of Colorado.
Many claimed to have On August 24, , Mark David Chapman is sentenced to 20 years to life for the murder of John Lennon, a founding member of The Beatles, one of the most successful bands in the history of popular music. On December 8, , Chapman shot and killed the year-old singer,
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